Fibrinogen related markers for DIC 1. FIBRIN MONOMERS Depending on the generated quantity and environmental conditions, the fibrin monomers may join with fibrinogen and various fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products resulting in the formation of soluble complexes.These complexes usually called “soluble fibrin” are observed in prethrombotic situations such as Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC), etc. DIC is an […]
1. FIBRIN MONOMERS
Depending on the generated quantity and environmental conditions, the fibrin monomers may join with fibrinogen and various fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products resulting in the formation of soluble complexes.
These complexes usually called “soluble fibrin” are observed in prethrombotic situations such as Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC), etc. DIC is an invasion of the circulation by microthromboses which are at the origin of a reactive fibrinolysis.
The consumption of the coagulation factors (factors II, V and X) and of the platelets involves a hemorrhagic risk of variable intensity. High plasma levels of fibrin monomers are usually observed in DIC.
The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) has defined a scoring system to diagnose DIC. An “overt DIC score” may be calculated for each patient and is based on the platelet count, the elevated fibrin-related markers (soluble fibrin monomers or fibrin degradation products), the prolonged Prothrombin Time (PT) and the fibrinogen level.
| 2. D-DIMER • Thromboses It is established that a normal D-Dimer level is an important element to rule out the diagnosis of evolutive Deep Venous Thromboses (DVT) or Pulmonary Embolisms (PE). STA-Liatest DDi PLUS in clinically validated to safely exclude DVT & PE. • Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) In DIC the fibrinolytic system is activated and therefore the D-Dimer level increases. D-Dimer assays can help in the diagnosis of DIC. • Activation States of Coagulation The D-Dimer level increases during the activation states of coagulation because such states induce the production of thrombin which is followed by the formation of fibrin and leads to fibrinolysis, the latter being most frequently reactive. The D-Dimer level thus increases following coagulation activation. Increased levels of D-Dimer have been reported in the following cases: post-operative period, cancers, hemorrhages, severe infections. | 3. FDP FDP are considered to be useful for the diagnosis of thrombosis, such as Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC). FDP may be used as a fibrin formation marker in the calculation of the DIC score defined by the ISTH (International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis), the JAAM (Japanese Association for Acute Medicine) and the JMHW (Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare). |